Word: 18th
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Portuguese adventurers brought the first black slaves to Lisbon. As Europe's transatlantic colonies grew in importance, so did the need for manual labor. In all, writes Roberts, as many as 10 million slaves were transported to the New World, perhaps 5 million of them in the 18th century alone. Nearly two million more died aboard the crowded prison ships that carried slaves to work the sugar fields of the Caribbean or the cotton plantations of the American South...
Philosophers of the 18th century envisioned the universe as a great machine, with God as its controlling engineer. And man himself, they argued, was also a kind of machine, whose work could be regulated according to scientific principles. One beneficial side effect of this vision was a more scientific approach to medicine. But mechanism also led to the dark, satanic mills that William Blake railed against. In the Americas, slaves working the fields were organized and regimented according to factory principles...
...standard high school diploma will be replaced by a series of achievement goals. Advancement into college, a trade or a career will be based on the attainment of those personal goals. The venerable concept of apprenticeship, which thrived in 18th and 19th century America, will be revived; young people will divide their time between school and training with mentors in areas ranging from carpentry to wildlife biology. At the same time, adult education will boom as workers retrain for new jobs, bone up on developments in fast- moving fields and learn new skills and hobbies for their retirement years...
This year has been a particularly trying one for Coach Sue Caples and her young squad. After the Ivy League and ECAC championships of last year's squad, the 1992 team has had to cope with the infusion of six freshmen. After an encouraging tie against 18th-ranked Pennsylvania last weekend, the team has faltered in the last week, losing 5-1 to Boston University and then tying Cornell...
George Brett has been one of the game's great clutch hitters, which served the Kansas City veteran well last week when he became only the 18th major leaguer ever to get 3,000 hits. Brett admits a little worry about his timing (the hit came in the season's final week), and Royals fans groused about his placement (during an away game). But maybe Brett had a plan; No. 3,000 came in Anaheim, California, not far from his home in Rancho Mirage...