Word: 1940s
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...second reason for the proliferation of psychotherapy was on account of the admiration of its founder. By the 1940s, Sigmund Freud had become a cherished figure in American pop culture; phrases like sibling rivalry, the Oedipus complex and Freudian slips were already seamlessly woven into the vernacular. Psychotherapy seemed like an application of Freudian doctrine. No one thought it could be a perversion...
...dangerous to patients and families. Dolnick does not launch into a diatribe against all forms of psychotherapy. Although psychotherapy can be effective for treating neuroses (relatively benign emotional disorders), Dolnick targets psychoanalysts who tried to cure psychoses (marked disorders of perception or reality) with talk therapy alone. From the 1940s to the 1970s an aggressive cabal of psychoanalysts fit such a bill; they scoffed at the biological origins of mental illness, eschewed treating schizophrenia with drugs and thought that their "talking" forms of therapy could single-handedly illuminate the darkest corners of the human psyche. Their intention was to unlock...
Dolnick begins in the 1940s when psychoanalysis first became fashionable. At the end of the second World War, society--consumed by the nature versus nurture effects on behavior--came up on the side of nurture, believing that personality was shaped by the environment. Anything related to genetics sounded disarmingly like eugenics and Hitler's notion of racial superiority. And so society welcomed psychotherapy, with its egalitarian tenet that we are all "brothers" whose personalities are shaped (or misshaped) by our surroundings. As Dolnick observes, "Level-headed men and women occasionally succumb to giddy excitement over the stock market...
...grew up in the 1940s and 1950s, the time of rigid blatant segregation and the ugly raw hatred that is almost impossible to imagine," Mack said...
...camera to place viewers in the midst of battle, making them feel the pain and acknowledge the pointlessness. A recent report in Business Week revealed that Spielberg was "determined not to sign off on the movie until the World War II epic [had] the adequately faded look of a 1940s-era documentary." Clearly, it's the reality of war, not a glorification, that Spielberg is after...