Word: 1980s
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...from federally insured bank savings deposits. But by the 1970s the financial world had become more muddled. Merrill Lynch, for example, began to offer money-market accounts with a check-writing feature. As the lines between banks and brokers blurred, Glass-Steagall came under repeated attack, starting in the 1980s. "I spent a lot of time lobbying Congress to convince them that we needed to look beyond the parochial interests of banks, brokerages, insurance companies and mutual funds," says former AmEx boss Robinson, now investing in tech start-ups. "We needed to view them as one industry. I was just...
...overturning the dogma of the rigid brain was circuitous. In the early 1960s biologists discovered that new cells were being made in two areas of the adult rat brain, but the discovery was regarded as an unimportant peculiarity of the rodent brain and quickly forgotten. In the mid-1980s, Fernando Nottebohm of Rockefeller University brought new respect to the term birdbrain by demonstrating that the brain of an adult canary has the astonishing ability to regenerate new nerve cells at a rate of up to 20,000 a day. Other researchers reported similar regenerative ability in fish and reptiles...
Then there are the biological weapons. The 20th century saw the creation of great weapons based on the principles of nuclear physics; the 21st century will see great weapons based on the knowledge of DNA and the genetic code. During the 1980s, the Soviet Union used rudimentary genetic engineering to create incurable strains of Black Death (bubonic plague) that were resistant to drugs. This biotech Black Death was loaded into missile warheads aimed at the U.S. As biotechnology becomes more supple and powerful and as the genetic code of more organisms is unraveled, biologists will learn how to mix genes...
Germ-line genetic engineering was first performed successfully on animals and plants in the 1980s. By the end of the 2nd millennium, no geneticist doubted the potential for applying the technology to humans as well. But at that time, scientific understanding of human genes was still fragmentary...
Fertility clinics have always occupied a peculiar place in the American medical system. From the birth of the field in the 1980s, political pressure from conservative religious groups prevented federal money from being used for any work on human embryos. As a result, top clinics operated quietly in the private sector, beyond the reach of most governmental regulations...