Word: 1990s
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...Chinese employees were once closely bound, says Zhou Hanhua, a scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The danwei supervised workers' lives down to marriage and childbirth, and prevented people from engaging in unregulated enterprises on the side. The decline of China's state-owned enterprises in the 1990s precipitated the breakdown of the danwei system. At the same time the country grew increasingly urbanized, and millions of migrant workers poured into big cities. "The traditional system could no longer manage," Zhou says. "The chengguan were established to handle the problems of the urban environment...
...brunt of redundancies during a slowdown. "When that layer's removed, you've eroded your internal processes which are there to control fraud or misconduct," says Hitesh Patel, fraud-investigation partner at KPMG in London. A key factor in fraud cases during Britain's last recession, in the early 1990s, it amounts to a "change to business strategy, without a change to the business process," says Patel...
...massive caches of conventional weapons but also pioneered two of the most brutal tactics of modern guerrilla warfare: child recruitment and suicide bombing. Children as young as 10 were used to kill women and children in remote rural villages, according to a 1996 U.N. report. In combat in the 1990s, between 40% and 60% of the dead Tiger fighters in Sri Lanka were children under the age of 18, according to a 2004 Human Rights Watch report. In 1987, the LTTE established the Black Tigers - suicide cadres, many of them young women, who would be honored with a private meal...
German skepticism about the utility of big government-spending programs endures, bolstering Merkel's determination to resist international pressure to take more decisive action to counter the economic crisis. Among those arguing forcefully against any new stimulus packages is the Taxpayers' Federation. Holznagel says that in the early 1990s his organization kept to itself doubts about the big spending on reunification - it was politically foolish to do otherwise. But now, he says, "the situation is completely different. The danger is always that money is spent neither appropriately nor efficiently...
...investors have rushed into acquiring shares of financial companies, retailers and technology firms. That makes sense if you believe we will have a recovery like the ones we've had in recent history. Companies in those industries did well in the market rallies that followed recessions in the 1990s and the early part of this decade. And stocks handily outperformed bonds...