Word: 19th
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Washington Area Free University, a consortium of 2,000 students who also attend the capital area's formal universities. Courses cover everything from drugs and Herman Hesse's novels to macrobiotic diets and Herbert Marcuse's philosophy. Like free university students elsewhere, W.A.F.U. participants subscribe to 19th century Educator Mark Hopkins' heroic if hoary notion that all that is necessary for education to take place is two people...
...Nearly half a century late, Florida has finally got around to ratifying the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which gave women the right to vote. The amendment went into effect in 1920, but at that time Florida's legislators refused to go along with the rest of the states in suffering female suffrage. The ungentlemanly gesture was utterly unavailing, for as soon as an amendment is ratified by three-fourths of the states, it is binding throughout the U.S. In a bow to Florida's League of Women Voters, which this year is celebrating its 30th anniversary...
Humphrey and Christensen do not, of course, depict gallant knights or maidens fair, as did 19th century Romantic painters. But the instinctive way in which their styles have evolved and the relaxed way in which they paint reflect the Romantic definition of the artist as propounded by John Ruskin. "The whole function of the artist," wrote Ruskin, "is to be a seeing and a feeling creature. He may think, in a byway; reason, now and then, when he has nothing better to do; know, such fragments of knowledge as he can gather without stooping, but none of these things...
...most of the 19th century's mind blowers, opium meant laudanum, an alcoholic solution of the drug used as a common painkiller. Laudanum was cheaper than beer and regarded as scarcely more harmful. George IV took it for hangovers. Under such names as "Mother Bailey's Quieting Syrup" and "Venice Treacle," it was prescribed for children more or less as aspirin is today...
...Meyerbeer's 1831 opera Robert le Diable, a spooky medieval tale that pits a young knight against the seductive forces of the Devil; about the best that can be said for it is that the knight ultimately triumphs. In an attempt to convey the lacquered elegance of a 19th century Paris salon, chamber music soloists performed in a drawing-room setting. They were surrounded on stage by formally attired Indianapolis socialites seated on sofas and settees about as overstuffed as much of the music...