Word: 20th
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...also the authoritarian and antidemocratic temple. In the Mexican middle class, the breeding ground of our leaders, it is common to rind an amalgam of the conservative sentiments of the criollos [Mexicans of pure Spanish blood] of the 19th century with the diffuse anti-imperialist ideology of the 20th. These traditional beliefs, heirs of the criollo aristocracy, are the unconscious psychological foundation and the hidden source of the modern authoritarian ideologies professed by many Mexican intellectuals and politicians...
...hardly necessary to recall the case of Fidel Castro, whom Washington pushed toward Moscow (or to whom, at least, the U.S. gave the pretext for falling into Soviet arms). Without firing a shot, the Soviet Union obtained what Napoleon III in the 19th century and Wilhelm II in the 20th could not: a political and military base in the Americas...
...through the American experience as expressed in its furniture and furnishings. The volume begins with a 1629 hooded wicker cradle, medieval in its lines, then follows the American progress from straight-backed Puritan spareness through the clotting commercial optimism and extravagance of the 19th century, and on into the 20th with its Saarinen plastic pedestal chairs and the eerie metaphysical fatuousness of Andy Warhol's wallpaper decorated with large portraits of cows' heads. Generously illustrated, with a minutely expert and civilized text...
...from the early photo realism of Eugene Durieu that imitates portrait painting to contemporary collage by Carel Balth that explores puzzling questions of perception. The text by Jean-Luc Daval, lecturer in art history at the University of Geneva, brings both the technique and the aesthetic of this dominant 20th century medium into sharp, tingling focus...
Drawing on materials at hand, doll-makers of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries fashioned humble toys from wood scraps, nuts, cornhusks, leather, even wishbones and wax. Wendy Lavitt has culled choice examples in American Folk Dolls (Knopf; 133 pages; $14.95 paperback) from museum and private collections, including her own. Among the finds: a simple cloth child in a beautifully detailed gown, the product of someone's exquisite needlework; an Indian doll caught between two cultures, dressed in buckskin, but with a nun's veil; Eskimos in sealskin, their curved ivory faces true to tribal doll convention...