Word: 38th
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...victory? The U.N. had stamped on the reaching fingers of an aggressor, then forced him to snatch his fingers back. But few could accept with any enthusiasm Dean Acheson's insistence that a truce at the 38th parallel would mean "a successful conclusion" to the war. Acheson said: "Our objective is to stop the attack, end the aggression, restore peace-providing against the renewal of the aggression." That, said Acheson, was what the United Nations...
Phase One began when the North Korean army crossed the 38th parallel and bowled down the center of the peninsula through Seoul toward Taejon. A handful of green troops of the U.S. Eighth Army were rushed into Korea from Japan, tried to bolster crumbling South Korean resistance and to stem the Red onslaught. At Taejon came the first big decision: General MacArthur decided to force the enemy to deploy and he succeeded. In some of the heaviest battles of the whole campaign, at the famed "Bowling Alley" outside Taegu, the Reds were stopped cold. With that victory, the U.N. forces...
...crack Chinese divisions encircled the leathernecks. In one of the many truly epic battles, the marines made it, broke through to the sea, carrying along most of their wounded. Meanwhile, the Eighth Army, badly shaken by what everyone called the "Chinese hordes," retired all the way back past the 38th parallel, past Seoul. Finally, along a line running across the peninsula from a little below Samchok and Wonju, the Eighth stood its ground. At this point it became clear that the Eighth Army would not be driven into the sea, which was Peking's boasted...
Phase Four (the present phase) was limited in a relatively shallow strip of territory, most of it below the 38th parallel, in which the fighting surged back & forth. The Chinese launched a new offensive which came in two hard punches. The U.N. armies moved slightly with the punch, but by now they were hardened, battlewise, and well enough equipped to be able to take it-and to dish it out. Overwhelming superiority of U.N. air power and artillery, used with generally high U.N. morale, inflicted huge casualties on the Chinese, may have broken much of their will to win back...
...past six weeks, Sun readers have been following Penny Wise's gushy, column-long dispatches from the Korea front. Their emphasis was on how Penny herself, not the boys, was faring. One of her first discoveries was the shortage of ladies' powder rooms along the 38th parallel. Near the front line, she "prayed fervently for a set of bulletproof undies." At Pusan, she tried on a Korean woman's costume, including an infant slung on her back (see cut). Garbled Penny: "I've always believed that when in Rome you should visit La Scala." She also...