Word: 84th
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Between July 28, 1956, when the 84th Congress adjourned, and Jan. 3, 1957, when the 85th Congress convened, an avalanche of events had changed virtually every recognizable feature of the world landscape as seen from Capitol Hill. The U.S. returned Dwight Eisenhower to office in a devastating sweep-but for the first time in history a re-elected President would be confronted by a Congress controlled by the opposition. Crisis in the Middle East strained and stretched (but did not break) the historic alliance with Britain and France, even while crisis in Poland and Hungary demonstrated to the world anew...
...Democratic margin, rumbled Bill Knowland, "is so narrow that there is going to have to be coordination between the leaderships to get anything done." The U.S. Senate under his leadership, indicated Lyndon Johnson, will follow the same moderate course he charted for the 84th Congress. Said Johnson: "We'll have a good, reasonable group of men working for the best interests of the country...
...plain fact is that the balance of power in the 85th Congress will be almost identical with that of the 84th. In that situation the coalition of Republicans and conservative Democrats that ruled the 84th will also rule the 85th. And, like the Democratic 84th, the Democratic 85th should get along pretty well with Republican President Dwight Eisenhower...
...fated to be the first winning presidential candidate since Woodrow Wilson (1916) unable to sweep his party into control of the House of Representatives. But while Ike and the Republicans did not seem likely to dent the solid majority of 230 seats which the Democratic Party had in the 84th Congress, they did succeed in changing the voting patterns that have dominated U.S. congressional elections for a century. In 1956 the Republican Party was picking up Congressmen in the cities, losing them in the country...
Thus was civil rights blocked off for the duration of the 84th Congress and postponed, in effect, for the 85th. "I merely say," Georgia's Dick Russell summed up the prospects for civil rights in the 85th, "that when such nefarious schemes as these are presented in the future-and we hear that they will be-there will be members of the Senate who will resort to every weapon at their command to prevent such proposals being imposed on the people...