Word: abstraction
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...study conducted by four Harvard psychologists found that young children without any formal mathematics education are able to understand abstract numbers and perform basic arithmetic tasks...
...research is also the “first good evidence” that children, when presented with arrays of dots during the experiment, think in terms of abstract numbers and not visual cues like the size of the dots, said lead author Hilary Barth, who was at Harvard working on the study and is now an assistant professor at Wesleyan University...
Throughout the tests, researchers varied the size and other characteristics of the arrays and dots to see if children were relying on visual hints such as size of the dots or area of the clusters instead of representing abstract numbers...
...tells us more about the power of innate intuition in young children,” she said. “They have no training in symbolic education, yet they could make these very accurate estimations based on abstract numerical information rather than just perceptual information present in the stimulus...
...Ever since Jackson Pollock and the first abstract expressionists began enlarging their canvases back in the late 1940s, American paintings have been getting bigger and bigger. To show the lengths?and heights?that artists are going to nowadays, Manhattan's Jewish Museum this week put on display 23 mural-size paintings ... The largest, Al Held's Greek Garden, is a breathtaking panorama of cabalistic circles, squares and triangles that measures 12 ft. [3.5 m] high?and 56 ft. [17 m] long. The museum's curator, Kynaston McShine, who selected the paintings, unpretentiously bills his exhibit as an 'airy, informal, summer...