Word: acidizing
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...Pakistani history - from partition to the bruised Bhutto years, caught between purdah and leggy Jane Fonda workout tapes, Suzuki Swifts and donkey carts. They are Zaki's grasping grandmother Daadi; his widowed mom Zakia, editor of a progressive women's magazine that criticizes the government and runs interviews with acid-attack victims; and Zaki's teenage cousin Samar Api, who is on a lame quest to find an Amitabh Bachchan to sweep her off her feet. (See the 100 best novels of all time...
...This strong start must be backed up by further action. The EPA should classify fly ash as a hazardous material, just as mercury, battery acid, and PCBs are. Doing so would require power generators to adhere to higher disposal standards and clean up existing dumping sites as well as increase public awareness of fly ash’s toxicity. Regulators should also ban disposal of fly ash in slurry form and require utilities to store dry fly ash in lined landfills to avoid leaching. The federal government should create financial incentives for makers of building materials to recycle more...
...before we start creating man-made volcanoes, we should worry about the side effects. For one thing, increasing sulfur in the atmosphere would increase acid rain, with all the damage that can do to forests and wildlife. And there are serious concerns that artificially changing cloud cover could disrupt global precipitation patterns, a risk that climate scientists Susan Solomon and Gabriele Hegerl raised in a recent article in Science. They found a global drop in precipitation levels after the eruption at Mt. Pinatubo, and an increase in droughts. A cool but dry planet wouldn't be an upgrade from where...
...process of turning milk into cheese. All cheeses go through some combination of those steps, but any tiny variation in any one of them will create a different texture and flavor. The first step in cheese making is called acidification - the process of converting the sugar in milk into acid. You do that by putting starter bacteria in your milk. There are hundreds of different bacteria that work at different speeds to produce different cheeses. You could have 500 or 1,000 variations on just that one step. There's something very exciting and mysterious about it that's almost...
...which has been shown to reduce the severity of the disease caused by many flu viruses. Tamiflu works by inhibiting the neuraminidase enzyme (that's the N in H1N1) and preventing it from doing its job of helping the virus replicate once inside a human cell. But certain amino-acid changes in the neuraminidase can render Tamiflu ineffective. This usually happens over time following extensive prescribing of the drug, but it can also occur spontaneously. In the winter of 2007-'08, a seasonal H1N1 variant circulating in Europe did just that, catching scientists by surprise. "We really didn...