Word: acids
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...process was developed by a St. Paul inventor named Jose Baraquiel Calva, onetime Mexican government engineer. By treating fibers with several chemicals, including cresol, alcohol, benzol and hydrochloric acid, he converts them into a resinous plastic. The fibers can then be stiffened or softened, straightened or curled, made mothproof, shrinkproof, even waterproof...
...firm with branches in Switzerland and New York, told reporters in Manhattan how the chemical was discovered. Like penicillin, DDT was known long before its usefulness was appreciated. A complicated chemical (full name: dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane), whose chief ingredients are chlorine, alcohol and sulfuric acid, DDT was first synthesized in 1874 by a German student named Othmar Zeidler. He had no idea of its possibilities as an insecticide, dismissed his discovery in six lines in a German chemical journal...
...half-inch of cloudy liquid below it. To Dr. Fleming's amazement, the liquid in which the culture grew, even when diluted 800 times, prevented staphylococci from growing at all: "It was therefore some two or three times as strong in that respect as pure carbolic acid...
...grow again. The researchers dis covered that the best growing temperature is about 75° F.,that the mold needs plenty of air. At first, Dr. Florey's researchers got only about a gram of reddish-brown powder (the sodium salt of penicillin -penicillin itself is an unstable acid) from 100 liters of the mold liquid. But at last, after heroic chemical cookery, they accumulated enough penicillin to test the drug on living creatures...
...happened again last week. The scene of the tragedy was New London, Conn.'s Lawrence & Memorial Associated Hospitals. This time it was a woman pharmacist, who mistook boric acid for dextrose (the crystals look much alike) in filling some bottles with babies' formulas. Result of a four-day diet of boric acid to 23 babies: four dead, several others sick, the pharmacist in bed with nervous collapse...