Word: acted
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...relief. The court had accomplished the near impossible: it had handed down a decision that would partly satisfy most people and strongly dissatisfy only a few. It was an exercise in judicial pragmatism in the tradition of a politically aware, not overly ideological court. The decision is an "act of judicial statesmanship," said Harvard Law Professor Alan Dershowitz. "The decision will go down in history not for what it did but for what it didn't do." Added his colleague Paul Freund: "The very fact that it is somewhat fuzzy leaves room for development, and on the whole that...
...Government and American Telephone and Telegraph Co. By setting ambitious goals for the promotion of women and minorities, the Government violated seniority rights as well as the 14th Amendment, the union charges. In another case, California building contractors have sued to overturn a requirement of the Public Works Employment Act of 1977 that 10% of the federal grants go to minority businesses. A U.S. district court ruled that the provision was a violation of both the 14th Amendment and Title VI. Wrote Judge A. Andrew Hauk: "Affirmative action and goals are permissible; race quotas are not. It is as simple...
...different, broader meaning was given to affirmative action by the historic 1964 Civil Rights Act, the first significant federal effort to outlaw employment discrimination in private industry. Title VI of this law barred discrimination in federally funded universities and other programs, and Title VII barred it in jobs. Using what courts have called color-blind language, the act made it unlawful for any employer "to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual or otherwise to discriminate ... because of such individual's race, color, religion, sex, or national origin...
...Senate sponsors of the Civil Rights Act insisted that it provided only for equal opportunity, not racial preference or balance. Said the late Senator Hubert Humphrey: "Title VII does not require an employer to achieve any sort of racial balance in his work force by giving preferential treatment to any individual or group." Added Senator Harrison A. Williams Jr.: "An employer with only white employees could continue to have only the best-qualified persons even if they were all white...
...Congress threatening to block any Administration import taxes on oil. He sounded his new tough note about such action. "For the Congress to take that kind of negative position, prohibiting me from exercising the prerogatives and authority Presidents have had in the past, would be a very unwise act. My guess is they will not do it, but even if they haven't, their intentions will be a factor...