Word: actium
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...later images cast light on how Cleopatra's reputation was sullied in Rome after Octavian (later to become the emperor Augustus) defeated Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. A marble relief, part of a frieze replete with symbols of Egypt and the Mediterranean, depicts a couple engaging in sexual intercourse aboard a boat. And a terracotta oil lamp shows a female figure, amid a Nile-like landscape, squatting on a phallus atop a crocodile. To the poet Lucan, she was a "wanton daughter" of Macedonian kings...