Word: addresses
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...battle has met with a mixed reaction. Many of the amendment's staunchest advocates are concerned that an ERA campaign now might unwisely divert energy from efforts to tackle such specific and pressing concerns as parental leave, child care and pay equity. "I don't think one amendment will address all these issues, although I think it would be very important to have," says veteran Feminist Betty Friedan. "It's necessary but not sufficient. I don't want to put all my eggs in that one basket." Many ERA supporters are wary of fighting another losing battle. "There would have...
...coalition can come unraveled; a close initial vote may wind up going the other way. So the first audience a Justice must please is within the court, but the final opinions are directed beyond the litigants to guide lower-court judges, sometimes to instruct the nation, occasionally even to address history...
Another area of silence in the Constitution: economic rights, the right to a job, the right to shelter, the right to food. The first constitution to address such rights was the Mexican constitution of 1917. Since then, the idea has spread to many 20th century constitutions around the world. But as Rutgers Law Professor Albert Blaustein points out, "civil and political rights are rights of abstinence. They are rights against the state. When you start talking about social and cultural rights, you are asking for rights of action, affirmative rights...
...efforts by lawmakers to address concerns about computerized invasions of privacy are still embryonic. A bill to create "data integrity boards" to oversee Government computer matching programs is expected to pass Congress this year. But civil libertarians argue that tighter restrictions are needed. The alternative, they say, is a frightening drift toward an Orwellian society in which Big Brother is always watching. Says Jerry Berman, director of the Project on Privacy and Technology of the American Civil Liberties Union: "If you have a surveillance system looking over a wide range of activities, the message is clear: don't deviate. That...
...Supreme Court attempted to address these questions in its landmark Roe v. Wade decision of 1973. The court's solution rested on the concept of viability, defined as the time the fetus is "potentially able to live outside the mother's womb albeit with artificial aid." Until that point, said the majority, a woman's decision to terminate a pregnancy was guaranteed by the privacy rights implicit in the 14th Amendment, which has been interpreted to include personal rights relating to marriage, procreation and contraception. But once viability occurs, the court ruled, a state may limit or proscribe abortion...