Word: aden
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...British who had cut them off. Except for the dangerous route the full length of the Mediterranean, the main supply line of the British forces at Port Said runs the length of the Red Sea after passing Perim at the head of the Gulf of Aden...
This immemorial gateway from the Orient to the Mediterranean has an inner and an outer gate. The inner gate is Port Said, which is the focus of British strategy throughout the region. The outer gate is the island of Perim at the entrance to the Gulf of Aden. In World War I the British found their enemies, the Turks, in Asia and drove eastward and northward from the Canal into Arabia, Palestine and Syria. In World War II, when Italy declared war in June, the British found their enemies on the other side of the gate and faced about...
...wide to be blocked and the barren island of Perim, whence pirates once took toll, although in British hands, does not control it so much as the nearby ports. Along the Red Sea's African Coast the Italians held Assab, Massaua and got Djibouti on the Gulf of Aden when France surrendered. The nearest British base was Aden across the Gulf...
Hopping-off place for Graziani's attack is Tobruch, Italy's coastal base near the Egyptian border, protected by nearby air bases at El Aden and El Gubbi. These three spots have been targets for incessant British air raids, to prevent an expeditionary force from getting organized. Last week torpedo-carrying Fairey Swordfish planes of the Naval Air Service climaxed these attacks by striking transports, supply ships and a tanker in Tobruch harbor...
Losing the French Navy would seriously affect Britain's fortunes in war with Mussolini through a vast 40,000-mile theatre stretching from Gibraltar to Aden, because all land forces involved therein must be supplied by sea. Commanding the British naval forces based on Alexandria was Vice Admiral Andrew Browne Cunningham, who last week had to report the torpedoing of the anti-aircraft cruiser Calypso, apparently during action against Italy's Libyan base at Tobruch. His ships sank several Italian submarines and the old cruiser San Giorgio remodeled for coast defense. The British said they were mining...