Word: afghanistan
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...example of that determination can be gleaned from Baker's embryonic thinking about eliminating the allied embargo on "dual use" (civilian or military) technology sales to Moscow, a ban the allies imposed following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. Now that the Soviets are withdrawing, the Europeans are urging an end to the restrictions. Baker is aware that the proximate reason for the embargo will soon end, but rewarding the Soviets for ceasing activities they never should have begun seems less important to him than trading the embargo's end for further moderations in Moscow's behavior. Linking...
...Vladivostok, the Soviet leader offered to create "an atmosphere of good-neighborliness," and to do so "any time and at any level." Soon after, Chinese Leader Deng Xiaoping said he would meet with Gorbachev, provided that the Kremlin resolve three specific issues: border tensions, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the Vietnamese occupation of Kampuchea. Moscow began moving on all three, and last December Qian showed up in the Soviet capital. Shevardnadze's return visit made him the first Kremlin foreign policy chief to set foot on Chinese soil since the last, disastrous Sino-Soviet summit...
...diplomats in Kabul believe the regime will collapse within months, perhaps even weeks, of Feb. 15. As the prospect of a bloody siege grew last week, U.S. Secretary of State James Baker ordered the closing of the American embassy in Kabul and told the eight U.S. diplomats still in Afghanistan to leave the country. The British, French, Italians and Japanese * decided to follow suit and announced that they would be withdrawing their diplomats from Afghanistan...
...Soviet pullback from the capital began about three weeks ago, even as Yuli Vorontsov, the Soviet Ambassador to Afghanistan and a Deputy Foreign Minister, threatened that Moscow would halt the withdrawal if the mujahedin leadership did not accept some participation by Najibullah's People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (P.D.P.A.) in a shura, or council of leaders, that would choose a new government. The mujahedin, smelling a bluff, would not budge, and the pullout from Kabul continued...
...Afghanistan's war-weary people wonder when, not if, the Moscow-backed regime of President Najibullah will fall. -- A leftist attack reawakens Argentina's ugly memories of the 1970s. -- Nicaragua's Ortega says he is ready to make peace with Washington. -- The Soviet Union's first contested elections bring confusion and conflict...