Word: africanism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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After a brief presidency of a Brazil milling company, National Guard Officer Holmes was called to war. He served on Dwight Eisenhower's staff, slipped into Algeria by submarine with General Mark Clark to prepare the North African invasion, rose from lieutenant colonel to brigadier general...
...darkness of a South African summer morning last week, thousands of Johannesburg policemen-the whites armed with Sten guns and rifles, the blacks with clubs and spears-filed out of their barracks and drove in 300 trucks to a narrow strip of grassland that separates the white suburb of Westdene from the crowded Negro slum of Sophiatown. The cops marched quietly into the sleeping warren. Every 20 yards a policeman took up station. "We mustn't waken these bloody Kaffirs," warned one officer. "We'll shock them well enough after daylight...
Operation Sophiatown was neither a pogrom nor a Mau Mau roundup. It was the South African government's new, efficient way of enforcing its policy of apartheid (racial segregation). An all-African community with shops, churches and the only swimming pool for African kids in Johannesburg, Sophiatown is one of three "black spots" on the western side of the city, which the government has recently zoned as "predominantly European." For whites and Negroes to live in such close proximity strikes South Africa's Boer Nationalists as improper and possibly sinful...
...time when African drums and Latin American marachas are giving way to the louder, incessant rumble of revolution, it is unfortunate that the University offers no course in either area suitable for the non-specialist. General Education courses on the Far East, India, and the Middle East have shown that experts can successfully interpret emergent nations for the undergraduate. Soon, Guatemala and Chile, Tunisia and South Africa may drown out the clamor from these traditional noise-makers. To give students a basic knowledge of the areas and to stimulate interest in graduate research, the University should add to the upper...
...contrast to its Latin American research, Harvard's interest in Africa is almost as underdeveloped as the continent itself. While it should not try to specialize in African studies--especially since Boston University has recently started such a program--it should, nevertheless, offer undergraduates a chance for basic study in the field...