Word: africanism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Fifth Pan-African Congress," Nkrumah told a group of hot-eyed students in 1945, "calls on the workers and farmers ... to organize . . . the masses. Colonial and Subject Peoples of the World, Unite!" He was 36 and broke, a lonely colored man living in shabby lodgings in London's East...
Secret Circle. Then came the call from home, where African nationalism was on the march. Nkrumah got a job as secretary general of the United Gold Coast Convention (U.G.C.C.), which was barnstorming the colony demanding Home Rule. There were riots over cocoa prices, and one February day in 1948, a band of Gold Coast veterans of World War II marched on the British governor's palace. In the street fighting that followed, police shot two Africans, wounded many more; a berserk mob looted every store in sight, and 29 people were killed...
...colony. It is driving hard for self-government (the British governor holds veto powers, but Nigerians, 95% of them illiterate, have elected their first "national" parliament). Population: a hodgepodge in which three tribes predominate. The Hausas in the north, who furnish the backbone of Britain's tough West African Rifles, are Moslems. The South is divided between the ex-cannibal Ibos and sturdy Yoruba farmers, whose ancient city, Ibadan (pop. 400,000), is the largest native city in Africa. Chief resources: tin, coal and palm oil. Since 1939 Nigeria's national income has multiplied six times...
...left his home in London in 1911, Sir Godfrey is Prime Minister of the self-governing British Colony of Southern Rhodesia. His plan is to federate Southern Rhodesia with the adjoining British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The three territories would form a 475,000square-mile Central African Federation which might one day become Britain's eighth Dominion...
...House Terrace, London, the Huggins scheme was-earnestly debated. There were good arguments for federation: copper-rich Northern Rhodesia needs Southern Rhodesia's coal; both need Negro labor from overcrowded Nyasaland. Even more compelling in Sir Godfrey's eyes is the fact that Britain's East African empire is in danger of being submerged. "A Black Front," he says, "is advancing from [the Gold Coast]; a White Front [Boer South Africa] is moving from the south." Without federation, he told the conference, "the Rhodesias will become the clashing point of those two policies, and will inevitably...