Word: africanism
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...advisory board Bobo addressed is chaired by Dr. John Hope Franklin, the African-American historian, and advises Clinton on "the means to promote a national dialogue on race issues," according to a statement from the White House press Office
Aviation maps list Duar, a sprawling agglomeration of African huts, as Dwil Keil--the "lone house." In retrospect, the description sounds ominously prophetic. Located in south Sudan's western Upper Nile region, Duar found itself at the epicenter of a deadly epidemic--one of the least publicized to hit Africa in recent decades--that raged through the late 1980s and the 1990s. Of Duar's more than 1,000 original inhabitants, only four were left alive. The epidemic also took the lives of more than 100,000 people in the surrounding region...
Women in Science at Harvard-Radcliffe; Academy Homes Educational Assistance Development Program; Black Students Association; Expressions Dance Company; African Students Association...
Hoping to find an AZT regimen they could afford, African researchers sought sponsorship from U.S. health agencies and launched a number of scientific studies in which some mothers were given short treatments with AZT and some, for the purpose of comparison, received a placebo. It is the inclusion of these placebo groups that the critics find objectionable. Giving a sugar pill to an AIDS patient is considered ethically unacceptable in the U.S. To give one to a pregnant African, Dr. Angell writes, shows a "callous disregard of [a patient's] welfare for the sake of research goals...
These clinical trials, however, were created for Africans, by Africans, with the good of their people in mind and with their informed consent. The studies were designed to be responsive to local needs and to the constraints of each study site. African scientists have argued that it is not in their best interest to include a complicated and costly AZT regimen for the sake of comparison when such a regimen is not only unaffordable but logistically infeasible. They have, instead, opted for a study design that is achievable in practice and is likely to provide lifesaving answers expeditiously, even though...