Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Ugly Sound. President Johnson last week sounded a similar warning. "We have entered a new phase," he told visiting bishops from the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which has an all-Negro membership of 1,300,000. "What if the cry for freedom becomes a sound of a brick cracking through a store window, turning over an automobile in the street or the sound of the mob? If that sound should drown out the voices of reason, frustration will replace progress and all of our best work will be undone...
...struggle between three dominant tribal groups: the ambitious Ibos of the oil-rich Eastern Region; the ebullient Yorubas of the cocoa-growing West; the feudal Hausas and Fulani of the semiarid "Holy North." Their differences are basic and, unfortunately, all too typical of the tribal divisions that plague other African nations. The Northerners are rigid Moslems, suspicious of outsiders, wary of progress, ruled by reactionary emirs whose palaces are made of mud and whose law is adamantine...
...Karenga, if not the leader of the nationalists, is at least their most flamboyant representative and most clamorous public relations man. His primary goal is to create a new Negro self-image, based not on white middleclass stereotypes, but on the Negro's African heritage. When I went in to see him, he was wearing a green buba--a long shirt of African origin--speaking into the telephone in Swahili...
...Waking up' seems to mean stressing the African heritage of the black man; do you think this will work in a culture that has been shaped more by America than by Africa...
...stress the African heritage entirely; I stress a fusion between American and African cultures. We're Afro-Americans...