Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Sudan, leaders of the two southern parties showed up in Kenya and Uganda to try to line up all of black Africa against the Arabs. Charging that "the Khartoum government has embarked on deliberate genocide," they demanded intervention by the U.N., the Red Cross and the Organization of African Unity to free the south from "foreign domination...
Such appeals have a familiar ring to African nationalists. It is unlikely, however, that they will bring the Sudanese rebels much support. Although most black African leaders distrust the Arabs, few seem willing to risk splitting the continent into two hostile camps. A successful secession movement would set a dangerous precedent for such ethnic friction points as Nigeria and Chad, both of which are already hard put to keep peace between their Arab and Negro populations...
...campaign is gaining support. The East African Standard, largest paper in Nairobi, told its readers that bride prices, if not actually subversive to an emerging nation, are far too high. "No young girl can feel other than ashamed, in these times of personal freedom, to think she is sold by her parents to the highest bidder," the paper wrote. The president of Kenya's 50,000-member Women's Movement thinks the solution lies in government price ceilings. Suggested ceiling price...
Matter of Value. Few educated Africans are willing to destroy the custom entirely, for despite its iniquities, it is the only form of marriage insurance in many African societies. Tribal laws dictate that if a marriage breaks up because of the wife's misdeeds, her husband gets his money back; if the fault is his, however, he can lose both bride and dowry. "The bride price amounts to peace of mind," says American-educated Grace Wagema, head of Kenya's Community Development Services. "Until we have a marriage law like the Europeans, it will continue...
...sense, Belle Époque jewelers were reacting against the Second Empire's exclusive concentration on massive, brilliantly cut diamonds, which followed the opening up of the African diamond fields. Seeking color and form rather than carats, jewelers reintroduced the beauty of semiprecious stones, particularly the shimmering opal, and outdid one another with bizarre settings. In place of the perfect jewel, the flawed gem was exploited, the odd-shaped pearl stressed for its singularity and enamels and glass were often preferred to gold. It took courage to wear these creations; it took, in fact, a new kind of woman...