Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Western standards, he is. He controls the press, has jailed many opponents. But Ayub is really no more dictatorial than most Asian or African rulers, and more effective than many. After he seized power six years ago from a democratic but corrupt government, Ayub paternalistically promulgated the very constitution under which the general elections are being held. Among other things, Ayub's constitution allows women to run for office-something he may now regret. He developed a system of indirect elections called "Basic Democracy," under which voters are to choose 80,000 "basic democrats," or electors, who will cast...
Actually, the 30th African country to achieve independence in the past decade is beset by fewer problems than most. Despite sporadic fighting between government troops and the fanatical Lumpa cultists (TiME, Aug. 7), in which 650 people thus far have been shot or chopped to death and 150 villages burned to the ground, Zambia's future looks comparatively bright. One reason is that Zambia contains nearly a fourth of the world's known copper reserves, and her mines are heading for a $400 million production year, providing 68% of the gross domestic product. The chief economic problem...
With 3,600,000 people scattered over an area larger than Texas, Zambia has barely 1,500 African high school graduates, fewer than 100 university graduates, four doctors, ten lawyers and no engineers. To keep the mines and mills running, Zambia is dependent on skilled white manpower...
...jails-long enough to qualify him for leadership of the ruling United National Independence Party, but not long enough to make him a bitter enemy of the British, who ruled Northern Rhodesia for 73 years. A moderate, Kaunda opposes black racism as practiced by some of the newly independent African states, instead advocates a "multiracial society" providing equal rights for Zambia's 74,000 whites...
...story building: "Beirut handles capital like the Suez Canal handles ships." Saud & Hussein. Because it is both the cosmopolitan gateway to the Middle East and an island of stability in a newly rich but eternally turbulent region, Beirut has become the prudent banker to nervous kings, African smugglers, such huge U.S. oil companies as Aramco, frightened capitalists from socialist Egypt and Iraq-and no fewer than 600 tycoons from booming little Kuwait. Well over half of Beirut's $800 million in deposits comes from abroad...