Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Malawi has announced that it plans to open diplomatic relations with South Africa. A more ill-timed disclosure would be hard to imagine, as it coincided with the opening of the Organization of African Unity Conference in Kinshasa, Congo...
...press, and little more, for recently Malawi has been quietly pursuing a course of cooperation with Southern Rhodesia, South Africa, and Mozambique, all of whom have avowedly racist governments. And, in fact, the announcement itself was greeted with surprisingly little reaction publicly. But it did not go unnoticed. Other African states may have been reluctant to criticize openly a former freedom fighter in his own right, who without bloodshed brought his country to independence. But privately they seem to have written off Malawi as a candidate for membership in the East African community of free states, and anything they have...
...part to a surprising turn of events: The Conference in Kinshasa was moderately successful. At the time of its convening, most observers would have shared Banda's scorn. Many felt that the previous 1966 Addis Ababa meeting represented a ludicrous ending to the futile history of the Organization of African Unity. It showed itself to be utterly disorganized and incapable of coming to grips with any of the major issues, which by October, 1967, had become major crises. President Julius Nyerere remarked simply "Africa is a mess...
Against this background, nobody expected much unity to result from the Organization of African Unity, especially under the dubious leadership of General Mobutu, who had enough troubles of his own trying to persuade Algeria to release Moise Tshombe so he could execute the former President...
Next came further negotiations on the East African Economic Treaty. It was welcomed by the business communities who promised to stick to it; members were assured that, incredibly, most non-Africans in fact wel- comed its Africanization policy and its emphasis in self-management. The governments involved promised to help avoid the East African nemisis--red tape--in its implementation...