Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...squadron of South African Impala jets thundered through the skies over the new Independence Stadium in Thohoyandou, as tribal dancers raised clouds of red dust with their rhythmic exhortations to ancestral spirits. At the stroke of midnight, South Africa's top-hatted President Marais Viljoen strode down a red carpet to announce a "great historic event, the birth of a new state." At his side stood Chief Patrick Mphephu, 54, a small, diffident man with a fifth-grade education, who was soon to become the Executive President of the Republic of Venda, a Delaware-sized region tucked...
...edifice of apartheid. Enacted into law in 1959, the homelands plan calls for the establishment of ten purportedly independent black states divided along tribal lines and scattered across South Africa. When complete, the scheme would crowd all of the blacks, who make up more than 80% of the South African population, onto a mere 15% of the land. The rest of the country, including most of its mineral wealth and all of its industrial regions, would remain in the hands of 4.5 million whites...
...amount of economic aid can mask the racial basis of the scheme, which strips millions of blacks of their South African nationality as their tribal homelands become independent. The logical result of the plan, in the candid analysis of the former Cabinet Minister in charge of black affairs, Cornelius Mulder, is that "there will not be one black man with South African citizenship...
...said the bank does not make loans to the South African government itself, but it does lend to government-owned corporations and agencies...
Radcliffe originally considered selling the stock regardless of the price after Gardiner wrote to the president of the bank to question him on the corporation's South African policies and received an unsatisfactory response, Gardiner said last spring...