Word: africanization
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...destination for legal and perhaps illegal ivory is Asia. Hong Kong is a major manufacturer and exporter of ivory jewelry, and 30% of the colony's output goes to Americans. "People in the U.S. just don't connect ivory with elephants," says Mark Stanley Price, a director of the African Wildlife Foundation, "but every bracelet represents a dead elephant." Another top consumer is Japan, where ivory has long been used for personalized seals called hanko. But under pressure from conservationists, Hong Kong and Japan have begun to check closely the documents on ivory imports to weed out illegal shipments. Japan...
Some conservationists would like to see a total ban on the ivory trade. But that would be no easier to enforce than the laws against selling cocaine and heroin. Dealers bold enough to defy the embargo could anticipate higher | profits than ever. Moreover, poor African countries need the revenue from at least a limited amount of legal trading...
Realizing that if elephants vanish, so might tourists, some African nations are determined to slow down the killing. In addition, the animal is a vital part of Africa's unique ecosystem. For eons, elephants have knocked down trees, helping to give Africa its distinctive mix of forest and savanna and opening up the land for other big mammals...
Conservationists cannot hope to protect elephants throughout their African homelands. For that reason, the AECCG, which includes such major conservation groups as the World Wildlife Fund, TRAFFIC and Wildlife Conservation International, envisions a triage approach. The group plans to concentrate its resources on about 40 populations that have the best chance of being guarded from poachers. That strategy would focus on saving about 250,000 elephants and would reluctantly leave another 500,000 to their fate...
ENVIRONMENT: African elephants...