Word: africanizing
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...race rivalry. Blaming Adam on the small fraction of Negro heritage he claims and abuses is as inappropriate as blaming the "game" you speak of on Caucasians, for Powell cannot sensibly be considered Negro any more than he can sensibly be considered truly American. The sensitive person of Nordic, African or whatever stock you please places men like Powell in the simple category, "moral garbage," which is a totally integrated system...
Even on a lesser scale, economic sanctions have usually backfired. Moscow's attempt to elbow Marshal Tito into line in 1948 only forced the Yugoslavian Communist leader to turn to the West for trade-and drove him further from the Stalinist camp. The Organization of African Unity's solemn pledge to boycott all South African goods has been a joke: Zambia gets at least half its consumer products from Johannesburg, and the government-owned airline of leftist Mali serves South African oranges to its passengers...
...left it up to each member nation to police its own trade with Rhodesia. Shortly after last week's vote, South Africa, which supplies most of Rhodesia's oil and is its principal trading partner, announced that it had no intention of obeying the resolution. Without South African cooperation, the sanctions seemed doomed to fail...
...black African states, which had argued for a week for stronger stuff, were predictably unhappy. "The resolution is defective," said Nigeria's moderate Ambassador Chief S. O. Adebo. Leading the chorus of complaint was Russia's Nikolai Fedorenko. who picked up some political change in Africa by abstaining-along with Bulgaria and Mali-on the ground that the sanctions did not go far enough. France also abstained from voting, but for a different reason: in the opinion of General de Gaulle, Rhodesia is strictly a British problem and outside U.N. jurisdiction...
Britain probably can count on enough votes to limit Security Council action, and can always resort to the veto to block total sanctions. But a veto would only put London in serious trouble with its own former African colonies, many of whom have been threatening for months to abandon the Commonwealth over Rhodesia. Even limited sanctions would pose a crisis for the U.N. If they are imposed, South Africa might be forced to resign from the world body...