Word: aggiornamento
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Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, Pope John XXIII, put on his steel-rimmed spectacles and spoke for 38 minutes, after which his invitees went on for three more years. John died after the first session of the Second Vatican Council, but his ideal of the church's aggiornamento, or updating, flowered in unforeseen ways. By the council's end, the bishops turned the priest toward his flock during Mass and allowed its celebration in local languages, concluded it was not the Jews who killed Jesus, and in 16 hotly debated documents wrestled an all-too-medieval institution toward modernity. The wrestling goes...
...intense new Pope labored in the shadow of his jovial, grandfatherly predecessor, Pope John XXIII. It was John's revolution that he inherited, with John's open, hopeful stamp of approval upon it. In the years that followed, the movement that John called aggiornamento, or modernization, became part of a revolution larger than John had foreseen-a tumultuous moral and social upheaval around the world. Both inside and outside the church, old values were questioned, traditional authority challenged...
Within the society itself, there is a visible?and highly audible?gap between the enthusiasts of aggiornamento and the defenders of older, stricter ways. Older Jesuits remember when their priestly training took 15 years, much of it in acute isolation from the world: some lived through most of World War II without hearing a radio or seeing a newspaper. The?new Jesuit must still spend perhaps ten years in preparation, but he may live in fraternity-style surroundings in Berkeley, in Cambridge, Mass., or in Manhattan. Under the old rule of tactus, Jesuit seminarians were forbidden even...
There are those who see the aggiornamento of Pope John XXIII as an erosion of the ancient rock of St. Peter, and those who see it as nothing less than a revival of all Christendom. It was likely that sooner or later these conflicting views would be explored in fiction; it is only strange that the first credible and moving novelistic exposition of the crisis of faith among clergy and laity that followed Vatican II should come out of Australia...
...Father Murray's views came triumphantly into their own with the wave of aggiornamento begun by Pope John XXIII and carried out after a fash ion in Vatican II. Despite the Curia's success in keeping him out of the first council session, he was on hand as an expert for the second, and when the bishops rose to applaud the passage of the declaration on religious liberty, which confirmed the right of all men to freedom of conscience in worship, many of them felt that the applause was really for John Courtney Murray...