Word: aglipay
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...became Bishop of Nueva Segovia in the Philippines. There he dealt with rebels and lepers, dug graves for cholera victims, paddled his canoe along jungle streams (the diocese could not afford a paddler), and led the Roman Catholic theological struggle against the "Independent Philippine Church," founded by Gregorio Aglipay, who had been a Roman Catholic priest in Manila. Dougherty became Archbishop of Philadelphia in 1918, was created a cardinal in 1921, devoted much of his remaining life to traveling in line of duty, was acclaimed the "missionary bishop of the 20th Century...
...since 1860, but it was not until 1902, after a delegation to Madrid got a cold shoulder from the Papal Nuncio, that a group of Socialist-minded Philippine Catholics decided that the Pope was no longer their spiritual "father, but just a stepfather." A revolutionary, excommunicated priest named Gregorio Aglipay was proclaimed Supreme Bishop. Almost overnight, membership in the new church jumped to nearly...
...years, until his death at 80 in 1940, tough Bishop Aglipay worked to weld his loyal dissidents into a permanent, functioning church. Aglipay's chief concern was with the problem of the "apostolic succession." The Roman Catholic Church had consecrated no native bishops by the time the Aglipayans broke away, and though Aglipay lost no time in having himself consecrated by a group of "presbyters," the procedure did not seem to him quite "valid." Negotiations with the Episcopalians and with the Old Catholics in Switzerland broke down, and eventually the friendship and prompting of Philippine Civil Governor William Howard...
...Nations Only. But mostly the Aglipayans stuck to a kind of Popeless Catholicism in matters of faith and worship. By the time war broke out in 1941, membership had fallen to 1,500,000, served by about 340 priests, 50 student priests, 20,000 deaconesses. Supreme Bishop Santiago Fonacier, Aglipay's successor, elected to play ball enthusiastically with the Japanese occupying forces. As a result, he was ousted by the General Assembly in 1946, and eight months later Bishop Reyes was elected Supreme Bishop...