Word: aid
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...regard as a four-year hamstringing of enforcement of the laws barring discrimination on the basis of race, sex, age or handicap. In its 1984 Grove City College v. Bell decision, the Supreme Court ruled that those laws were not intended to apply to entire institutions that receive federal aid, such as colleges, hospitals and corporations, but only to particular programs. Thus a university laboratory that received federal research grants could not discriminate, but the same university's history department that got no cash from Washington could. Legislators howled that the court was misinterpreting the intent of Congress, and began...
North was also accused of conspiring to defraud the Internal Revenue Service by using the tax-exempt National Endowment for the Preservation of Liberty to solicit $3.2 million in contributions, which he used to buy lethal contra aid. NEPL President Carl ("Spitz") Channell and Public Relations Consultant Richard Miller pleaded guilty to the same charges last spring, and presumably will testify against North. On all the charges, North faces a possible sentence of 85 years in prison and a staggering $4 million in fines...
...supercomputer market: IBM. In December the largest computer manufacturer (1987 sales: $54.2 billion) announced that it had struck a deal with Steve Chen, one of the foremost supercomputer designers, who jolted the computer world last September by suddenly leaving his post as a vice president at Cray. With financial aid from IBM, Chen has set up his own company to develop a machine 100 times as fast as any currently on the market. "People say that IBM is just dipping its toes into the water," notes Irving Wladawsky-Berger, an IBM vice president. "We're in the middle...
...contras are bereft of American aid, and may be threatened with extinction as a fighting force, eliminating what may be the only U.S. leverage for keeping the Sandinistas honest. Yet the Administration's cries of alarm have been met with widespread skepticism. Once again the President fudged his reasons for dispatching troops, offering the claim that the border battle represented a Sandinista "invasion" of Honduras. Two years ago he made the same assertion when he sent U.S. helicopters to ferry Honduran troops to the border. That crisis too had flared while he was pressing Congress to reconsider support...
Even when the House of Representatives voted against extending aid to the contras on Feb. 3, attention was focused on the indictment of Panama's Manuel Antonio Noriega on drug-related charges. The Canal makes Panama intrinsically more important than Nicaragua to American interests. Yet there too Washington has been embarrassed by its past policies: until evidence of Noriega's drug trafficking became too serious to ignore, the general had been a valued CIA asset. Last week the Administration continued to squeeze Panama's economy in an effort to oust Noriega, who hung on precariously despite widespread strikes, rioting...