Word: alcoholisms
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...cages are characteristic of Saigon's entire penal system or even that the Vietnamese have outdone the French. French jailers in Con Son specialized in such techniques as placing red ants in the securely fastened pantaloons of female prisoners or slashing the soles of inmates' feet, pouring alcohol in wounds and setting them aflame...
...book, Marijuana-The New Prohibition (World; $8.50). After weighing the medical and sociological aspects of marijuana, Kaplan uses the cold analysis of a corporate controller to conclude that the financial and social costs of trying to outlaw marijuana are far greater than the benefits. As a rough equivalent to alcohol, Kaplan says, marijuana should be handled in ways that profit from the nation's experience with Prohibition...
...Advertising. Kaplan predicts that the U.S. will repeal pot prohibition within ten years. Even so, he opposes the irresponsible strategy of making marijuana as available as candy. He advocates a regulatory scheme roughly similar to -but tougher than-those now used for tobacco and alcohol. Either private manufacturers or a Government monopoly would grow marijuana and package it in uniform grades and strengths. Government-licensed marijuana stores would sell the drug, imposing high taxes to price it out of many young people's reach. Sales to those under 18 would be illegal, as would the driving...
Kaplan concedes that licensing marijuana would "almost certainly" increase experimentation and use. But he argues that licensing would reduce the "forbidden fruit" appeal that the drug now has and encourage parents to show their children how to use it sanely. As he points out, "Authorities on alcohol report that alcoholism is least likely not among the children of abstainers, but among those who grew up in families where alcohol is used moderately." Kaplan also argues that his scheme would shrink the market for harder drugs by providing a legal and convenient alternative...
Holder Molecules. To confirm his hypothesis, Koshland and two young Berkeley colleagues-Dan R. Storm and Kenneth Neet-devised an experiment of classical simplicity. It involved the common chemicals ethyl alcohol and acetic acid, which, in the presence of a catalyst, quickly combine to form an aromatic compound called ethyl acetate (without a catalyst, the reaction occurs very slowly). Instead of using standard catalysts, however, the scientists chemically locked both molecules into various synthetic ring-shaped, larger molecules called "holders," which are in effect chemical vises. After many attempts, they hit upon a holder that gripped the ethyl alcohol...