Word: alcoholisms
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Coatesville, patients are not only given individual psychotherapy, group therapy, music therapy and antidrinking seminars but are also allowed one or two ounces of pure alcohol (ethanol) once an hour on the hour, from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., simply by asking for it. If he drinks the allowable maximum every hour, a patient can achieve a considerable buzz by 9 p.m. More important, 13 times every day he must make a conscious decision: to drink or not to drink. In a follow-up study of their first group, Gottheil and his associates claim that, after six months, approximately half...
...alcoholic employee is absent 2½ times as often as a nonalcoholic. Indeed, he is partially absent even when he is working, often demonstrating much less efficiency than his nonalcoholic colleagues. If he is fired, the investment that the company has put into his training is lost altogether. "The company of any size that says it does not have an alcohol problem is kidding itself," says Ray Kelly, an Illinois state mental health official. In any typical group of workers, 3% to 4% are likely to be disruptive drinkers...
...typical industrial program, a supervisor, noticing an employee's work slipping, alerts a counselor. If the counselor's investigation finds that alcohol is the culprit, he calls the man in and recommends a treatment-and-rehabilitation plan that falls under the company's medical insurance coverage. There will be no stigma attached if he enters the plan, the counselor tells him, and if he successfully completes it, his career will not be hurt. "If they do not want to go for treatment," says Jack Shevlin, an alcohol counselor in Illinois Bell Telephone's pioneering program...
Halfway Houses. Government at all levels has become sensitive to the alcoholic's plight-and the enormous damage that he wreaks. Since 1970, when Congress demonstrated Washington's changed attitude by passing an alcohol abuse and alcoholism act, a score of states have enacted laws that remove drunkenness (though not drunken driving) from the criminal statutes. Thus drunks are no longer put in jail. Other places, however, must be provided to receive them. These are called Local Alcoholism Reception Centers (or LARC), where the alcoholics are detoxified. They then graduate to "halfway" houses for outpatient treatment. Because LARC...
Almost immediately after it hits the stomach, alcohol is Almost immediately after it hits the stomach, alcohol is coursing through the bloodstream to the central nervous system, where it starts to slow down, or anaesthetize, brain activity. Though it is a depressant, the initial subjective feeling that it creates is just the opposite, as the barriers of self-control and restraint are lifted and the drinker does or says things that his well-trained, sober self usually forbids. Only later, after a number of drinks, are the motor centers of the brain overtly affected, causing uncertain steps and hand movements...