Word: alianza
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...particular order, and often simultaneously, he divided Latin American responsibility among the likes of old Roosevelt Brain-Truster Adolf A. Berle, Speechwriter Richard Goodwin (who coined the term Alliance for Progress), Mann's first-tour successor as Assistant Secretary, Robert Woodward, Historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Brother Bobby, Alianza Coordinator Teodoro Moscoso, Woodward's successor Edwin M. Martin, and White House Aide Ralph Dungan. Confused, and with their flanks often turned by ex-officio Kennedy advisers, key State Department Latin America experts left in droves. It got so bad that, at the end, Kennedy had ordered a thorough...
...Alliance for Progress, so far it has been more a slogan than a policy. The nations and governments of Latin America are vastly disparate, yet many still seem all too ready to consider the Alianza an excuse to sit back and let the U.S. foot the bill for their own shortcomings. In fact, in those Latin American nations where U.S. policy has been successful, it has been due as much to capable on-the-scene ambassadors as to the Washington-directed programs and policymakers...
Specifically, he objected to the Alianza's taking credit for aid under U.S. Public Law 480, which allows the sale of surplus food for soft local currency, and for the operations of the Export-Import Bank, which has in fact been less active lately. He accused the U.S. Congress of lopping 40% from what he considered a Kennedy promise of $1 billion-worth of aid in Latin America in 1962-when all that Kennedy actually requested was $600 million. And he found a "lack of coordination among U.S. organizations designed to finance the Alianza, and lack of a central...
Urgency Disappeared. Colombia's Lleras Camargo found more fault with the southern end of the Alianza. "The feeling of urgency that dominated the Punta del Este meeting disappeared immediately after the documents were signed," he said. The governments-"all of them"-have shown a lack of interest and have abdicated the responsibility that they were expected to share. Thus, instead of a grand alliance of equals, the program has degenerated into a standard series of bilateral aid agreements between the U.S. and each individual country of Latin America...
Both ex-Presidents agree that a multilateral leadership of the Alianza is needed to end what Kubitschek calls "this frustrating monologue." They want to set up a new Inter-American Development Committee to run the Alianza. The committee would consist of six representatives of American nations, including a permanent U.S. delegate. Kubitschek's committee would be led by the executive secretary of the Inter-American Economic and Social Council, Lleras' by a president elected every five years. Says Lleras: 'He would become the figure that the Alianza is lacking so that its image may cease...