Word: all-negro
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...been demonstrated that in combat in Korea, Negro soldiers serve more effectively in integrated units." With this terse announcement by the Army, Supreme Commander General Matt Ridgway last week broke up the Army's famous all-Negro 24th Infantry Regiment. Within six months, by his order, all segregated units in the Far East Command, both combat and service, will be abolished, and their men will be moved into units side by side with white troops...
...battle history of the 24th gave solid proof of the military wisdom of Ridgway's order. The 24th, all-Negro (except for officers) since its creation in 1869, stormed up San Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War. In Korea, under a mixture of white and Negro officers, it produced individual heroes (including a Medal of Honor winner), and it routed the North Koreans at Yechon in the first days of the war. But its Korea battle record was spotty; Negro troops in mixed units did better in combat...
...slowly: ¶ The Army, with 180,000 Negroes (12% of its strength), has abolished all segregation in basic training, but carefully divides the troops thereafter into white and Negro units. ¶ The Navy has about 20,000 Negroes-3.3% of its strength; more than half of them are assigned to the Stewards' branch (cooks, messmen) in which there are only six whites; there are but 27 Negro officers in the Navy, including one lone Annapolis graduate.* ¶ The Air Force, which has the best record on abolishing segregation, has broken up its all-Negro fighter squadrons, but it still...
...foxholes dotting the perimeter guarding the Army's 25th Division near Masan, Korea last August, a thin, hollow-eyed G.I. sat intently watching the dark no man's land ahead. He was Pfc. William Thompson of M Company. His buddies in the 25th's all-Negro 24th Regiment knew him as a professional type-always quiet, never talkative about his past. There wasn't much Private Thompson wanted to tell. Born out of wedlock, he had been brought up by his grandmother in New York City tenements, had finally run away and been taken into...
...24th division of the Eighth Army, including the all-Negro 25th Regiment, he cited that the ratio of Negro to white troops is one to 3.7. Out of 118 complaints, 54 Negroes and 27 whites were arraigned. Of these, 32 Negroes and only two whites were convicted for cowardice, yet the records show no such disparity in the fighting performance of the troops...