Word: alloys
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...tightening of the Allied blockade which proved so grim for Scandinavia, also stirred the Balkans. German shells and bombs are made from Swedish steel, but airplanes are built of duralumin, a copper alloy of aluminum, which is extracted from bauxite. Since the war began Germany has been dependent for bauxite almost entirely on Hungary and Yugo slavia, which produce 22% of the world tonnage...
...Metallographer Oscar Edward Harder of Battelle Memorial Institute (Columbus, Ohio), working with Inland Steel Co.'s research staff, has developed a lead-steel alloy (one part of lead to 500 parts of steel) which is just as strong as leadless steel, but can be machined 30% to 50% faster for mass-production parts. The soft, tiny particles of lead in the alloy serve to lubricate the point where the tool cuts; the tool stays sharp longer, the machine runs faster...
Hell's Bells. "K-42-B" is a new alloy of iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, silicon, carbon and titanium which maintains extreme hardness at high temperatures. Two bell-shaped castings, one of ordinary steel, one of K-42-B, were heated red-hot in a furnace. When the red-hot steel bell was struck with a hammer, it was too soft to respond with anything but a thud. But the red-hot K-42-B bell, when struck, rang out clearly, like a church bell on a sparkling winter day. The Westinghouse people call this exhibit "Hell...
That the streamliner has already given the roads a new hope is a feather for two caps. One feather is worn by Budd, the other by Pullman. When Pullman put out its first aluminum alloy Diesel streamliner in 1934, Budd followed in just two months with a sleek stainless steel job. These two manufacturers went right to work to show the railroads that business could be won by fast, comfortable trains with new-type accommodations for coach travelers...
Pullman, No. 1 streamline-builder, today has about 1,000 lightweight cars on the rails (Budd 300). As its basic material Pullman alternates between aluminum alloy, which has about the same strength as stainless, and Cor-Ten, U. S. Steel's patented alloy. Cor-Ten's elastic strength is only about twice carbon steel's, and Cor-Ten cars are heavier than stainless or aluminum, but Pullman's steel cost is much lower than Budd's. Cor-Ten cars are spot-welded, but since aluminum cannot be structurally welded, Pullman does a sleek riveting...