Word: alphas
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...great cyclotron at Berkeley is just barely strong enough. Dr. Eugene Gardner, 35, and Brazilian-born Dr. C.M.G. Lattes, 23, put a thin carbon target in a beam of alpha particles (helium nuclei) in the cyclotron chamber. Figuring that the alpha particles had enough power (380 million electron volts) to knock mesons out of the carbon atoms, Gardner & Lattes put a stack of special photographic plates at the spot where the mesons should hit. Then they turned on the cyclotron. When they developed the plates, they found the characteristic wavy tracks of negative mesons. Some of them ended in "stars...
...high-in most cases, nearly double prewar. This fat income has put the fraternities in the black, many for the first time in years. The heartening aroma of burning mortgages drifts up from Fraternity Rows all over the nation. At the University of California at Los Angeles, the Sigma Alpha Epsilon chapter was 13 years ahead on its mortgage payments. The University of Southern California's Phi Kappa Psis had just dedicated a new $120,000 house. University of Michigan fraternities were overflowing into nearby rooming-house "annexes...
Sixteen men, including twelve Seniors and four Juniors, were elected to Phi Bota Kappa in a meeting of the University's Alpha Chapter Wednesday. Eight of the men graduated at the close of the summer term...
...Like all the four known artificial elements,† curium is unstable. Each millionth of a gram shoots out 70 billion alpha particles (helium nuclei) per minute, 3,000 times as many as the same amount of radium. This activity makes a solution of curium hydroxide glow strongly enough to take its own photograph. Its "half-life" (the period during which one half disintegrates) is only five months...
Curium can be made by bombarding plutonium with alpha particles, or americium with neutrons. Now that it has been isolated, the scientists working under the Atomic Energy Commission (the only ones privileged to play around with plutonium and its relatives) can try to build up an Element...