Word: altos
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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William Bradford Shockley was born in London, where his father, a mining engineer, and mother, a mineral surveyor, were on a business assignment. Home-schooled in Palo Alto, Calif., before attending Palo Alto Military Academy and Hollywood High School, he found his interest in physics sparked by a neighbor who taught the subject at Stanford University. Shockley earned a bachelor's degree from Caltech, and a Ph.D. at M.I.T. for a dissertation titled "Calculations of Wave Functions for Electrons in Sodium Chloride Crystals...
...February 1956, with financing from Beckman Instruments Inc., he founded Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory with the goal of developing and producing a silicon transistor. He chose to establish this start-up near Palo Alto, where he had grown up and where his mother still lived. He set up operations in a storefront--little more than a Quonset hut--and hired a group of young scientists (I was one of them) to develop the necessary technology. By the spring of 1956 he had a small staff in place and was beginning to undertake research and development...
...ALTO IN THE OUTFIELD...
...access to and knowledge of new technology, are often in the vanguard of efforts to work with the disabled. Hewlett-Packard Co., for one, has educated its managers about devices that can be used to assist employees who are blind or deaf, says Maricella Gallegos, who manages the Palo Alto, Calif., firm's disabilities employment program. Workers with emotional problems who have trouble dealing with the workplace are offered the option of telecommuting...
...private companies have opted for a very different approach. Their maps are more like satellite photographs that take in the entire route but concentrate only on the highlights. "The thing people are highly interested in," says Randal Scott, president and chief scientific officer at Incyte Pharmaceuticals, based in Palo Alto, Calif., one of the players in the private-sector gene-mapping game, "is where all the cities are. You don't need to document all the trees and gullies and ditches." Once those landmarks are identified, scientists assume, they can focus on them in greater detail...