Word: alumina
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Dolomite and Kilowatt. To get more U.S. manganese, alumina, magnesium, chromium, vanadium and phosphates-all scarce and all vital- Ickes had fairly specific immediate plans. He knows of 2,683,000 tons of recoverable manganese hidden in small ore bodies; eight mills and three hydrometallurgical plants could turn it into a four years' supply within five years. The Bureau of Mines has a two-stage process for getting alumina from a variety of domestic clays, shales and feldspars; if WPB would specify this process in future alumina plants instead of the commercial Bayer process, it would save the long...
Hixson believes his process will not only free the U.S. from dependence on imported ores but will provide alumina cheaper than present methods of extracting it from high-grade bauxite ores. The process takes advantage of the fact that part of the aluminum silicate of which clay is largely composed is aluminum oxide. Boiling hydrochloric acid, Hixson found, combines with the oxide to form aluminum chloride dissolved in water (though it does not affect the silica). Impurities such as iron chloride (formed at the same time) are then removed with an ether. The remaining aluminum' chloride solution is then...
This is at least as simple as the present method of making alumina from bauxite ore, which is by no means pure when mined. Its gross impurities, such as sand, are removed by crushing, washing, sifting. It is then dissolved in hot caustic soda or "lye," which does not dissolve the subtler impurities. When the hot lye cools in towering tanks, pure aluminum hydroxide separates from it and is ready to be baked and electrolyzed...
Hixson thinks his process can produce alumina from rich clays and low-grade bauxite for about $31 per ton. Present cost of alumina made from rich bauxite ores is estimated at between...
Several other processes for recovering alumina from clay have also been announced. TVA has been experimenting with one for the past five years (TIME, Sept. 23, 1940). If they work, bauxite can be crossed off the list of raw materials for which nations scheme, dicker, bicker, fight...