Word: amal
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...Agrees a White House aide: "One thing we won't do is appear to be marching alongside the Lebanese Army." The Syrians and Israelis apparently do not object to the plan, while two key Lebanese factions, the Christian Phalange and the Shi'ite Muslim group known as Amal, have tentatively pledged their support. But Druze Leader Walid Jumblatt, concerned about Lebanese soldiers entering his fief in the Chouf, said the arrangement was "not acceptable," which prompted another bout of last-minute dickering. If the agreement is implemented, the U.S. expects Gemayel to make good on his promises...
...bombings were almost anticlimactic. Earlier in the week, Lebanese Army units had battled Shi'ite militiamen for control of positions near the Sabra and Shatila Palestinian refugee camps, on the southern rim of Beirut. Though Nabih Berri, leader of Amal, the main Shi'ite militia group, agreed to let government troops take over the sites, the Lebanese soldiers moved in with guns blazing. By the time an uneasy truce had settled over the area, officials estimated, the death toll was 50; unofficially the total was put as high...
...terrorists who launched suicidal attacks against the American and French headquarters in Beirut and Israeli army ofr fices in Tyre two months ago. Based hi Baalbek, which is in Syrian-controlled eastern Lebanon, the Iranians acted under the auspices of Islamic Amal, a radical Shi'ite Muslim militia that broke away from the larger and more moderate Amal organization in early 1982. But they could not have undertaken the murderous task if Syria had disapproved. Says a Western diplomat: "The Syrians did not control and organize the operations, but certain elements in the Syrian regime knew what was going...
...Israeli and French retaliatory air strikes last week may have destroyed the headquarters of the Shi'ite Muslim militia called Islamic Amal, but the attacks could not hope to wipe out the group's suicidal zeal. For the followers of Shi'ite extremists, especially supporters of Iran's Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini, dying in a jihad, or "holy war," means martyrdom and a guaranteed place in heaven. With the recent suicide bombings of the U.S., French and Israeli headquarters in Lebanon, radical Shi'ite groups have become a small but potentially destabilizing force in Lebanon. Says...
...Sunnis in wealth and influence. Over the past few years, as the political situation in Lebanon deteriorated, the Shi'ite community grew susceptible to the radical religious politics of Iran's Khomeini. In the spring of 1982, Hussein Musawi, then the leader of the military wing of Amal, the country's dominant Shi'ite organization, accused the group's leader, Nabih Berri, of not adhering to the Ayatullah's edicts. The gaunt and bearded Musawi left Beirut with several hundred followers, mostly hard-core fighters. He promptly established the new faction of Islamic Amal...