Word: american
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...that time, the Selective Service Act of 1967 expires, and Nixon hopes to create a military of volunteers. There are strong arguments on either side of the proposal. There are those opposed who warn that it could create an elite corps of killers, dangerously isolated from the rest of American society. Those in favor of the volunteer scheme, by far the majority, claim with considerable reason that it would help cut military waste and rekindle pride in those who serve. Naturally enough, among those most enthusiastic about the idea are America's draft-age youth...
...General Robert Kennedy clearing him of any conflict of interest. Edward Kennedy's statement to the committee that the letter was based on incomplete information tended to lessen its impact. But Senate conservatives stuck to their position, and received support from at least two members of the influential American Bar Association. Lawrence Walsh, a former federal judge and deputy attorney general, and chairman of the A.B.A. Committee on the Federal Judiciary, told the Senate that he saw no conflict in Haynsworth's action. John Frank, a liberal Democrat who serves on the Advisory Committee on Civil Procedure...
...that another 35,000 U.S. troops will be withdrawn from South Viet Nam, bringing the total to roughly 60,000 (see NATION), Vietnamization becomes a matter of paramount importance. The very survival of the South as a separate entity may be at stake. Also at stake is the entire American strategy for withdrawal. The hopeful Pentagon scenario calls for gradual replacement of U.S. forces by South Vietnamese, until only U.S. air, artillery and logistic support need remain. If the South Vietnamese should prove incapable of fulfilling this assigned role, the U.S. would then have to decide whether to stop...
...Support. To a great many observers, Vietnamization looks like an illusion, or worse. How, they asked, can the South Vietnamese after two decades of war successfully take on the military task that half a million American troops could not quite handle? U.S. officials reply that the Vietnamese, after all, are fighting in their own country, would still be backed up by American support troops, and may be psychologically braced by the feeling that they must finally stand on their own feet. The argument is far from convincing, but the U.S. has no choice at the moment but to give Vietnamization...
ARVN morale probably reached its nadir in 1965, when the army was losing the equivalent of a battalion a week to the onrushing Communists. From 1965 until last year, most ARVN units were engaged largely in pacification work, while the Americans took over the major combat role. "Naturally," said a U.S. general, "we felt that we could do the job better and faster, and, of course, ARVN worked less and less. Unfortunately, once you imply that a fighting force is second-rate, and treat it that way, it becomes pretty hard to reverse the trend." To G.I.s, South Vietnamese soldiers...