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Overall, the analysis suggests that mammography reduces the risk of dying from breast cancer 15% among women 39 to 49 years old. But the task force determined that while mammograms certainly reduced risk of death, that reduction was small in this age group in light of the risks associated with the screening. In order to save one life among 40- to 49-year-olds, doctors would have to perform yearly mammograms in 1,904 women over 10 years. Among older women, between ages 50 and 74, one death could be prevented for every 1,339 women screened for 10 years...
...preterm births, which measures the proportion of babies born before 37 weeks' gestation, is a reflection of a number of factors, both biological and cultural. Starting in 2008, the March of Dimes began tracking three of the major contributors to the high preterm birth rate - lack of insurance among women of childbearing age, rates of cigarette smoking and the rate of babies born preterm, but at the tail end of pregnancy, between 34 and 36 weeks...
...more pressing problem, however, is addressing preterm births that occur because of poor prenatal care, says Riley. The rate of these avoidable early births are highest among non-Hispanic African-American women in the U.S. "No matter what year you look at, these women are at the top of the graph," she says. "We haven't made much progress there...
...there may be solutions that physicians could begin implementing today to the problem of preterm births among these populations. A drug known as 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone, for example, has been shown to reduce the rate of premature birth in women who have previously had high-risk pregnancies or unexplained early births. On the fertility front, transferring fewer embryos for each pregnancy cycle could help lower the multiple-gestation rate and thereby bring down the risk of premature births. Educating women about the importance of a full-term pregnancy and the risk factors that are associated with premature births is also...
...fact, Spain is among the minority of European Union member states that do not require sexual education in schools. And in comparison to what gets taught in other Western European nations, the material in the Extremadura program hardly seems radical. In the Netherlands, for instance, teachers at public schools lead discussions in which they ask girls ages 12 to 15 what they would do if their boyfriends refused to wear a condom. In Finland, basic sex education begins in kindergarten, and the curriculum for ninth-graders includes lessons on abortion and masturbation. In Germany, where sex education is mandatory, public...