Word: amounts
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Japan's economy remains a bloated, uncertain thing. Insiders say the spring growth blip was a one-time phenomenon--possibly even a result of inaccurate accounting--fueled by high government spending. The primary problem is that Japan's financial structure--everything from the way companies are managed to the amount of government debt--remains badly out of sync. Many Japanese companies are still chugging along as if it were 1981, complete with overweight overheads, inefficient manufacturing systems and "jobs for life." Japan's banks, long loaded with bad debt, have yet to write off many loans they know will never...
...kind of policy guidance it needs to get turned around. That leadership takes a variety of forms. The Bank of Japan, for instance, has been telegraphing with very un-Greenspan-like candor that it intends to keep short-term interest rates near zero. At the same time, an encouraging amount of "micro-reform" is under way in Japan--tiny revolutions in entrepreneurial companies that may forge a Japan built for the Internet age. As some Japanese like to observe, they spent 40 years building the world's best industrial economy. What you're seeing, they insist, is the agony...
Inside Japan, business leaders who believe the economy is snapping back propose a kind of pincer movement for national regeneration. According to this theory, the government--led by economics friendly Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi--spends lavishly to stimulate a small amount of economic growth. By putting trillions of yen in the hands of consumers, Obuchi's program saves the economy (to say nothing of his political career) and gets consumers to finally start spending. In time, that growth encourages Japan's out-of-date manufacturing firms to begin a difficult restructuring. The result is a top-down, bottom-up postindustrial...
...surplus rightly belongs to citizens whose Form 1040s gave rise to it and who now deserve their money back--to do with as they see fit. As a Wall Street Journal editorial-page headline framed the issue last week, WHOSE SURPLUS IS IT, ANYWAY? Indeed, Americans now pay an amount in taxes equal to 20.7% of gdp, a post-World War II high that is up from just over 18% 10 years ago. Nor are many economists bummed by the fact that most of the benefits that would flow from the G.O.P. cuts would accrue to upper-bracket taxpayers, since...
...said most families learned the correct amount owed soon after receiving their bills by calling the financial aid office