Word: amyloid
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...deep end of science is where Jose Varghese likes to be. Part of the pioneering team that in the mid '90s developed the anti-influenza drug Relenza - one of only two drugs known to be effective against avian flu - Varghese is now focusing on an enigmatic protein, amyloid beta, and what he suspects are its toxic effects on the brains of people with Alzheimer's. In the international race to uncover amyloid beta's molecular structure - the crucial first step in finding out how to block its pathological effects - synchrotron X rays are a crucial tool. The molecules...
...brain disorder, Alzheimer's earliest sign might be an imbalance in the body's immune system. This shows up as an inflammatory reaction that occurs not just in the brain cells, but throughout the body. The net effect of this imbalance is a build up of the toxic amyloid protein, which is poisonous to brain cells and triggers their progressive death. In fact, argues Alkon, the amyloid accumulates into sticky, fatty plaques because the inflammatory reaction shuts down production of the non-toxic, soluble form of amyloid that normally keeps the toxic form in check. Alkon's group picks...
...Already the Rockefeller group has expanded its study to include over 100 more samples, and is close to testing a drug designed to boost the production of "good" amyloid. "We think we are getting at the core of the disease, at the very essence of it," says Alkon. Only time will tell if he is right...
Nose drops developed by Harvard Medical School researchers have impeded the development of Alzheimer’s disease in mice, and an anti-Alzheimer’s nasal spray for humans could be on the horizon. While plaques made up of beta-amyloid proteins accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer’s sufferers, the new vaccine allows the immune system to produce antibodies that fight these proteins. In tests that have are detailed in the latest issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, the vaccine significantly diminished plaques on the brains of treated mice. Similar tests on human subjects began...
...study, scientists found that elderly lab rats fed curcumin experienced a reduction in the beta-amyloid proteins found in the brains of Alzheimer's victims. When researchers tested curcumin on human beta-amyloid proteins in a test tube, the chemical blocked the proteins from forming destructive plaques?meaning that curcumin could be useful for treating Alzheimer's, and more importantly, for preventing it. Dr. Greg Cole, the lead researcher, hopes that curcumin could be for Alzheimer's what aspirin has become for heart disease: a simple, safe and affordable preventative. New Delhi-based restaurant consultant J. Inder Singh Kalra...