Word: androgenic
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Preliminary findings of the study presented at the Prostate Cancer Symposium in Orlando, Fla., last month concluded that men suffering from prostate cancer undergoing the treatment, known as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), are nearly 3 percent more likely to die of heart failure compared with those who do not receive the treatment...
...decision so complex is that even when the chromosomes present a clear message on gender, anatomy may contradict it. Consider Sherri, a 45-year-old tax attorney from San Diego. Although her sex chromosomes are unambiguously XY, there is no doubt that she is a woman. Sherri has androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS), a condition that affects prenatal development. All embryos start out with the rudiments of male and female reproductive systems. A sort of developmental tug-of-war ensues until, generally speaking, the male reproductive system predominates in XY fetuses and the female in XX fetuses. The external male genitalia...
...preliminary. The study was small, and most of the average improvement in the hormone group was due to far-above-average improvement in just three men. But Pope's work suggests a genetic component to the hormonal connection. Testosterone's effectiveness is in part determined by the sensitivity of androgen receptors on the surface of cells--a variable that is itself determined by the genes. Other researchers, notably Dr. Stuart Seidman, a professor of psychiatry at Columbia University, are skeptical, insisting that there is nowhere near enough data to support the idea that testosterone has anything to do with depression...
Frisch’s finding has a biological basis. Body fat in women converts the male hormone androgen into the female hormone oestrogen...
...Professor Richard W. Wrangham contributed the adaptationist’s point of view. Citing his own research on genital masculinization in spotted hyenas, Wrangham explained that the hypothesis long trumpeted by Gould, which claims that the hyena’s genitals are a non-adaptive by-product of high androgen levels, is wrong. “It’s an unusual case, but it seems to me an important symbol—first of the supposed correctness of the anti-adaptationist perspective, and now of the fact that simplistic thinking can be found on both sides of the debate...