Word: anschlussed
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Austria's role is puzzling. The graven newsreel image of the Anschluss-the day that Hitler forcibly joined Austria to the Reich- is one of jubilation: jackbooted, goose-stepping infantry welcomed by cascades of flowers and the joyous peal of church bells'. Vienna-born Walter Maass, who specializes in wartime history (The Netherlands at War, Assassination in Vienna), strives to explain the complexities behind that event, and Austria's increasingly reluctant role during the seven years of Nazi rule (1938-45) that followed. Country Without a Name (Austria was absorbed into Germany as an assemblage of Nazi...
DIED. Kurt von Schuschnigg, 79, Austria's autocratic Chancellor before annexation by Hitler's Germany in 1938; of pneumonia; near Innsbruck. Taking power in 1934, he suppressed the Communist and Social Democratic parties but then came under growing pressure from the Nazis for Anschluss, or union. After spending the war years as a Nazi prisoner, he taught political science at St. Louis University for two decades and returned to Austria...
...Italian immigrants, who grew to prominence in a period when Americans, and particularly ethnics, perceived of the United States, or at least wanted to, as a land of boundless opportunity. The human interest stories about DiMaggio and his too numerous to count brothers filled the newspapers, alongside stories about Anschluss and Blitzkrieg, giving Americans a sense of apartness, of pride, and of security. The dream still worked over here, no matter what was happening on "the other side...
...1930s; in Krov, West Germany. Son of a German aristocrat and an American mother, Von Schirach declared that "the lives of all German youths belong solely to Adolf Hitler," and undertook to train his charges ("physically, spiritually and morally") to follow the Führer unquestioningly. After the Anschluss (annexation of Austria), Hitler farmed him out to be Gauleiter (district leader) of Vienna, where he remained till war's end. At Nuremberg in 1946, Von Schirach was convicted of complicity in the murder of 50,000 Austrian Jews and spent 20 years at Berlin's Spandau prison...
...Austria and King Otto II of Hungary. Scion of one of the great European dynasties -along with the Bourbons, the Windsors and Hohenzollerns-Otto von Habsburg was exiled in 1919 with his then reigning father, Emperor Charles 1 of Austria (King Charles IV of Hungary). Before the Anschluss in 1938, Hitler offered to restore Otto to his throne if he would support Nazi ideology. He refused, and during World War II, when he lived in the U.S., he advised U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt on Central European affairs. Now a spry 66, he lives in a slightly seedy villa outside Munich...