Word: anthropologist
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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That dramatic scenario occurred nearly 4 million years ago in East Africa's Great Rift Valley. But last week it was vividly recalled by Anthropologist Mary Leakey, who announced that she and her co-workers had found new and revealing traces of our early roots at the site of that ancient African spa: the actual footprints of one of those man-apes. Radioactive dating showed that the prints had been made some 3.59 million to 3.75 million years ago, a hint the creature may be the oldest-known direct ancestor...
Leakey, a small, spunky woman of 64, is the widow of the famed anthropologist Louis Leakey, who died in 1972. Some four decades ago, when she and Louis were beginning their quest for the origins of man, they worked for a time in a remote area of northern Tanzania called Laetolil?the site of her latest find. But after unearthing nothing more than a few distinctly non-manlike animal remains, they moved on to Olduvai Gorge, 25 miles to the north, where their fossil discoveries were to push back man's lineage by at least a million years...
While these ancient footprints shed fresh light on our nearer ancestors, Anthropologist Elwyn Simons, director of Duke University's primate center, revealed new findings on more distant kin. Most scientists agree that both man and ape descended from a common ancestor, a beast called Dryopithecus (meaning tree ape), which appeared in Africa some 20 million years ago. But who, or what, preceded it? As far back as 1963, Simons, then at Yale, began uncovering in the wind-scoured Fayum desert region, southwest of Cairo, bones of a likely candidate: a small, fox-sized, tree-inhabiting primate, which he dubbed Aegyptopithecus...
...discuss what was unknown in their fields. The co-editors quickly discovered that "the more eminent they were, the more ready to run to us with their ignorance." Some of the contributors are indeed eminent: Molecular Biologists Francis Crick and Sir John Kendrew. Chemist Linus Pauling (all Nobel laureates), Anthropologist Donald Johanson, Astronomers Sir Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold, Physicist John Wheeler. The conundrums they pose are also notable. How did the universe come into being? Why do we sleep? How are galaxies formed? What is consciousness? Why does a species become extinct? The problem that the experts had simply...
...book. The Langurs of Abu, Harvard Anthropologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, 31, portrays langur life as a "soap opera" that revolves around the struggle between the sexes. As in other species, the strongest males compete for control of each troop. What makes the langurs different is that the winner tries to bite to death the young offspring of his predecessor. The mothers resist the infanticide until the struggle looks hopeless, then pragmatically present themselves to the new ruler for copulation...