Word: anti-fascist
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...Paul VI's response has been to publish the Vatican's multi-volume history of its wartime activities.The latest in the series, Volume IX, The Holy See and the Victims of the War, continues the effort to shed light on the actions of Pius, under whom the anti-Fascist Paul VI, then Msgr. Giovanni Battista Montini, long served. Far more than its predecessors, however, Volume IX reveals the pressures on Pius and documents scores of Vatican attempts in 1943 to help Jews in Rumania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland and Italy...
Spain's extremists, however, are likely to beat the Communists to the punch. The Basque terrorists have already vowed to continue their struggle "until we achieve our goals" of a semi-autonomous state in the provinces of Vizcaya and Guipúzcoa. The Revolutionary Anti-Fascist Patriotic Front (FRAP), a tiny (200 member) Marxist urban-guerrilla organization, will probably continue its campaign of selected shootings and bombings aimed at disrupting public order...
Dynamite Charge. Cause of the new wave of violence: the execution last month of five terrorists convicted at summary military trials of murdering policemen (TIME, Oct. 6). Basque separatists and radical leftists of the Patriotic Revolutionary Anti-Fascist Front (FRAP) tried to avenge the executions with new killings. Early last week, four Guardia Civil officers in the Basque country were lured to a remote area by a report that the outlawed red, white and green flag of the separatists was flying over a Roman Catholic monastery. A dynamite charge, set in the rocks at roadside, blew their Land Rover...
...Paredes Manot, 21, were members of a Basque separatist organization; the other three, Ramón Garcia Sanz, 27, José Humberto Baena Alonso, 23, and José Luis Sánchez-Bravo Solla, 21, were members of a small, recently formed Marxist urban-guerrilla outfit called the Revolutionary Anti-Fascist Patriotic Front (FRAP), a violent offshoot of Spain's tame Communist Party. Last Saturday, all five were executed by firing squad...
Working clandestinely, he formed a nucleus of professional revolutionaries, creating a broader-based anti-Fascist movement, and organized strikes, set up an underground press and established relations with the international Communist movement. In 1949 he was caught and again imprisoned. When he managed to escape from the infamous Peniche prison in 1961, Cunhal had spent eight full years in solitary confinement...