Word: antiapartheid
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Archbishop of Canterbury, contrasting with the black of Greek Orthodox Archbishop Methodios. Buddhism's Dalai Lama, traditionally regarded as a living deity, was in attendance, swathed in purple and yellow. Also there were Uruguayan Methodist Emilio Castro, chief executive of the World Council of Churches, and South Africa's antiapartheid activist Allan Boesak, president of the World Alliance of Reformed Churches. Metropolitan Filaret traveled from the U.S.S.R. It was the "most beautiful gift to God," observed Mother Teresa of Calcutta, the diminutive Nobel Peace Prize recipient...
...unrest began. Shareholder petitions calling for everything from new-investment restrictions to a complete withdrawal became a hardy perennial of annual corporate meetings and proxy votes. During last August alone, more than 170 such resolutions were filed with companies whose stock is traded publicly. A second tactic used by antiapartheid activists was the selling off of stocks and bonds issued by firms doing business in South Africa. At least 15 states, including New York and California, and 116 colleges and universities have either completed or announced plans to sell their stock in companies with South African holdings. These relentless campaigns...
Reaction to the new pullouts from U.S. opponents of apartheid was mixed. Timothy Smith, head of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility, an umbrella organization representing more than 200 Roman Catholic and Protestant groups, called the moves a "significant victory for antiapartheid forces" because they send a message to other U.S. corporations that "it is bad business to do business with South Africa." Leon Sullivan termed the new withdrawals a "big first step toward achieving the goal of ending apartheid"; he now believes that a "total embargo" will be necessary if racial segregation is not dismantled by next June. Other...
...however, felt that practical considerations have come to be outweighed by moral ones. The sanctions package, said an elated Congressman Mickey Leland, chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus, "is absolutely the best we could do." Leland celebrated the Senate victory by joyfully hugging Randall Robinson, executive director of the antiapartheid lobbying group Transafrica. Indiana Republican Richard Lugar, the measure's Senate sponsor, summed it up: "Today the American people spoke in a strong and determined voice against racial injustice in Africa...
King, who spent eight days in South Africa and met with businessmen and antiapartheid political leaders, seemed totally bewildered by the antagonisms she found. Conceding at a news conference that the political situation was "more complex than I initially thought," she said she needed "more substantive and more complete information" before meeting Botha at some future date...