Word: antigens
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Worse, the antigens come in many different shapes and compositions even among individuals of the same species. Result: the chance that any two people (except identical twins) will have the same "antigenic constitution" is virtually nil. Transplanters have tried to get around that by matching donor organs with recipients whose antigen patterns seem fairly similar, but these resemblances are not close enough to exclude the rejection mechanism...
Detested Strep. Before this can be circumvented completely, the transplant antigens must be better understood both chemically and biologically. Then perhaps they can be manipulated so that a recipient will get an injection to switch off his rejection mechanism before he gets his transplant. The most encouraging news of progress toward this goal came from British investigators, who reported that some mouse antigens appear remarkably similar to man's and might therefore serve as a source of raw material. More surprisingly, New York University's Dr. Felix T. Rapaport reported that a similar antigen can be extracted from...
...ANTIGEN OVERLOADING. Though there are at least two major types of antibody represented by billions of particles, they can be either confused or exhausted if the invading particles of foreign antigen (antibody-triggering substances) are numerous enough. In the medical equivalent of a massive military diversion, doctors try to overload the immune mechanism temporarily by flooding it with antigen particles. By coincidence, an antigen sufficiently similar to the human type is in some streptococci. So these bacteria, usually rated as harmful, are being mass-produced in a program backed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The antigen...
...many immunologists, and last week Manhattan's Dr. Jonathan W. Uhr, 37, won the Newcomb Cleveland Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for advancing man's knowledge of how little he still knows about how virus infections, vaccinations and other antigen-antibody reactions really work...
...useful application in human medicine, but Immunologist Uhr, who is now director of the Irvington House Institute for Rheumatic Fever and Allied Diseases, has already shown that newborn babies react to ΦX in much the same way as guinea pigs. And children's reactions to antigens are immensely important in rheumatic fever, which seems to result from the body's mistaking part of its own heart muscle for an invading bacterial antigen...