Word: antisub
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...fixing the blame: ". . . the United States Navy was woefully unprepared, materially and mentally, for the U-boat blitz on the Atlantic Coast . . . this unpreparedness was largely the Navy's own fault." While ships were going to the bottom, the Army & Navy wrangled for 18 months over control of antisub aircraft, never reached a solution. The reason? Says Morison bluntly: "Conflicting personalities and service ambitions." Meanwhile four Navy destroyer schools were teaching four different methods of coping with U-boats and "the Navy Department laid such stress on the security of communications that they sometimes failed of their essential purpose...
...Allies have licked German U-boats. Other factors tending to increase sub losses: 1) a big increase in the number of U.S. submarines (many of them new) now operating in the Pacific; 2) shorter Jap sealanes, as the Japs are driven back, which means the Japs can provide better antisub protection; 3) apparently more & more dangerous missions undertaken by U.S. subs...
Like many another Allied expert, Percy Nelles apparently was convinced that, despite the recent success of antisub measures in the Atlantic, the morale of the German crewmen in the dangerous, uncomfortable undersea service is showing no sign of cracking...
...antisub vessels will have predominantly Negro crews. A destroyer escort will be manned by 160 Negroes and 44 whites, a patrol chaser by 52 Negroes and nine whites. The whites will hold billets requiring specialized training, will ail be replaced by Negroes as they qualify...
Trespassers in U.S. waters have become so scarce that the Navy is pulling down its picket fence. In the first broad demobilization of equipment since the war began, more than half the 2,200 fishing and pleasure craft converted for emergency antisub patrol early in the war have now been returned to their private owners...