Word: apartheid
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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That is why the African National Congress, which 84 percent of Black South Africans support according to a recent poll reported in the New York Times, asks all companies to withdraw from South Africa. They realize that only through a combination of international isolation and internal struggle will apartheid be overcome...
SOME argue that in a time of potential change in South Africa, we should not increase the isolation of that country. But although there has been some change, the most fundamental aspects of apartheid remain in place. Blacks are still not citizens and cannot vote. Further, the demand for Harvard's complete divestment from South Africa is a longstanding one. Only when the process of transforming South Africa into a non-racial democracy is irreversible should we give up this demand...
South Africa remains the only country in the world with the principles of racism embedded in its constitution. Only by completely divesting will the Corporation sufficiently distance Harvard from the racism of apartheid...
Their plan goes something like this: American companies are pressured into pulling out of South Africa. Widespread economic hardship and dislocation ensue. White South Africans face unemployment, high prices and shortages. Gradually, they come to recognize that the existence of apartheid is the only obstacle to restoring their economic well-being. For the first time since the Second World War, they vote in large numbers against the ruling National Party, and the new government eliminates apartheid and institutes a system of "one person, one vote...
HEREIN lies the rub for divestment activists. Despite activists' wishful arguments to the contrary, South African Blacks will bear the brunt of economic dislocation brought on by sanctions. Indeed they must; the only way that sanctions can overcome apartheid is if they make Blacks miserable enough to overthrow the government...